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Edema
Overview
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Edema occurs when fluid builds up in soft body tissues and causes swelling. Lymphedema usually affects an arm or leg, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Edema and lymphedema can cause long-term physical, psychological, and social problems for patients.
Edema occurs when fluid builds up in soft body tissues and causes swelling
Lymphedema 
Nearly 5 million Americans suffer from lymphedema, a condition in which protein accumulates, causing limbs to swell. Some cases are primary, developing as a result of a birth defect such as Milroy's disease, but the majority are secondary, occurring when the body's lymphatic system is compromised or damaged from cancer surgery, radiation treatment, infection, trauma or hereditary conditions.

The body's lymphatic system consists of a network of lymph nodes and vessels that serve as a filter to remove toxins and other harmful substances. When lymph nodes are surgically removed or aren't working correctly, fluid accumulates, causing lymphedema.

Common symptoms are swelling that restricts movement; aching, tightness or heaviness in the affected limb; recurring infections; and a hardening or thickening of skin. Lymphedema can get progressively worse if not treated at the onset. 


Therapy Course
  • Compression bandages to increase tissue pressure and prevent fluid build-up.
  • Manual lymph drainage to redirect fluid and reduce swelling.
  • Specific exercises to keep fluids moving in affected limbs.
  • Skin care to maintain healthy tissue and prevent infection.
The typical course of therapy is covered by most health insurance plans. Participation in the Edema Management Program requires a physician’s referral.
While there is no cure for lymphedema, there are treatment options. Manual lymph drainage involves therapists redirecting and circulating the fluid to reduce swelling by manually manipulating the affected area with their hands.  Compression bandages are another option. Applied both day and night, these provide pressure to increase circulation, preventing fluid build-up. Remedial exercises with low repetition and no weights also may be recommended. Moving the affected limbs helps improve circulation and keeps the fluid moving. 

Other prevention measures include:
  • resting after cancer treatment.
  • protecting the affected limb by avoiding scrapes, cuts and burns, which can lead to infection.
  • refraining from certain medical procedures (Persons with lymphedema should not have blood pressure screenings, blood draws or IVs on the affected limb.)